Jeffrey Demaine
From CISTI-ICIST LAB WIKI
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Researcher, Information Science e-mail: jeffrey[dot]demaine[at]nrc-cnrc[dot]gc[dot]ca phone: (613) 990-6221 |
CURRENT PROJECTS:
SuReFiRe Scientific Research Front Resolver
Citation Pathfinder Identify the evolution of a research domain
Sleeping Beauties Re-awakened research
PUBLICATIONS
Social Network Analysis
Jeffrey Demaine (2009) A main path domain map as digital library interface. Proceedings of the SPIE_IS&T Electronic Imaging Conference. San Jose, California. January 18-20, 2009.
The shift to electronic publishing of scientific journals is an opportunity for the digital library to provide non-traditional ways of accessing the literature. One method is to use citation metadata drawn from a collection of electronic journals to generate maps of science. These maps visualize the communication patterns in the collection, giving the user an easy-to-grasp view of the semantic structure underlying the scientific literature. For this visualization to be understandable the complexity of the citation network must be reduced through an algorithm. This paper describes the Citation Pathfinder application and its integration into a prototype digital library. This application generates small-scale citation networks that expand upon the search results of the digital library. These domain maps are linked to the collection, creating an interface that is based on the communication patterns in science. The Main Path Analysis technique is employed to simplify these networks into linear, sequential structures. By identifying patterns that characterize the evolution of the research field, Citation Pathfinder uses citations to give users a deeper understanding of the scientific literature.
Mapping Science
Knowledge Discovery
Jeffrey Demaine, Joel Martin, Berry DeBruijn (2003) Haystacks and Hypotheses. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. Volume 40(1), pages 59-64. Presented at: ASIST 2003 Annual Meeting - Humanizing Information Technology: From Ideas to Bits and Back (ASIST AM 03 2003), Westin Long Beach, Long Beach, California, October 20 - 23, 2003.
This paper describes the EurekaSeek bibliometric technique for automated linked-literature analysis. The MEDLINE database of biomedical literature is iteratively searched in order to identify research opportunities in the form of conceptual linkages between terms. As a tool for identifying undiscovered public knowledge, EurekaSeek is a variation on the techniques of Swanson and Smalheiser. EurekaSeek uses medical subject headings instead of text analysis in an automated search process, eliminating the reliance on expert input during the process of linking literatures. The EurekaSeek process is tested by retroactively examining the co-occurrence of terms in the published literature. The hypothesis tested in this paper is whether this tool, had it existed in the past, could have identified conceptual linkages that occurred only later in the literature. EurekaSeek is compared against a process that considers all potential term-to-term relationships. The list of terms that EurekaSeek produces is a subset of all potential linked literature terms. The experiment shows that EurekaSeek produces a higher percentage of likely hypotheses than when all terms are considered. While the proportion of identified linkages generated is still too small for the process to be a practical aid to research, statistically significant results were achieved.
Bernard Dumouchel, Jeffrey Demaine (2006) Knowledge Discovery in the Digital Library: access tools for mining science. Information Services and Use. Volume 26(1), pages 39-44. IOS Press: Amsterdam, January 2006. (ISSN:0167-5265)
A researcher's interactions with the scientific literature are limited by its overwhelming size, resulting in ever-increasing specialization. Knowledge Discovery is the process of identifying meaningful, unknown relationships between concepts, enabling broader inquiry of the scientific literature. Although largely automated, Knowledge Discovery is an inherently participatory process. While knowledge discovery techniques can uncover hidden relationships in the data, only the user's expertise can give those relationships meaning. As such, these techniques do not replace but rather enhance the scholarly process. The role of moderating the interface between scholarship and the published literature is the core mission of the research library. By enabling researchers to data-mine the scientific literature Knowledge Discovery techniques are a natural extension of the library's role of bringing structure to information and in making that information accessible. CISTI is investigating theories in information science in order to apply knowledge discovery techniques to its collection: Linked Literature Analysis seeks to uncover hidden relationships between concepts that are causally related, and Main Path Analysis identifies the evolution of a research field based on citations. Providing seamless access to e-science makes it possibile to analyze the published literature in a way that augments the scholar's research.
Visualization
Frank Corcoran, Jeffrey Demaine, Michel Picard, Louis-Guy Dicaire, John Taylor (2002) INUIT3D: An Interactive Virtual 3D Web Exhibition. Proceedings of the Conference on Museums and the Web 2002, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. April 17-20, 2002. (NRC Publication Number: NRC 44903)
The Canadian Museum of Civilization and the National Research Council of Canada collaborated on the production of Inuit 3D, one of six inaugural Virtual Museum of Canada exhibitions launched in April 2001. Inuit 3D is an interactive exhibition in which visitors navigate through three exhibition halls and interactively examine twelve 3D models of objects from the Museum's collection. Introductory videos are presented at the entrance to each room. Pop-up text panels provide information on the objects, as well as on Inuit artists and the Canadian North. To produce Inuit 3D, three technologies developed for Web applications - VRML, 3D Scanning and QuickTime - were used. While these technologies enable museums to produce interactive web exhibitions, a number of significant technical and web design issues must be considered. The objective of this paper is to present an overview of Inuit 3D and to discuss technical and web issues encountered.
Digital Libraries
Jeffrey Demaine, Joel Martin, Lynn Wei, Berry de Bruijn (2006) LitMiner: integration of library services within a bio-informatics application. Biomedical Digital Libraries 2006, 3:11.
(DOI = doi:10.1186/1742-5581-3-11 | NRC Publication Number: NRC 49601)
This paper examines how the adoption of a subject-specific library service has changed the way in which its users interact with a digital library. The LitMiner text-analysis application was developed to enable biologists to explore gene relationships in the published literature. The application features a suite of interfaces that enable users to search PubMed as well as local databases, to view document abstracts, to filter terms, to select gene name aliases, and to visualize the co-occurrences of genes in the literature. At each of these stages, LitMiner offers the functionality of a digital library. Documents that are accessible online are identified by an icon. Users can also order documents from their institution's library collection from within the application. In so doing, LitMiner aims to integrate digital library services into the research process of its users.
